As a new plant engineer, you are tasked with obtaining copper(II) sulfate to increase the efficiency of your froth flotation cell. What chemical formula should you look for?
The chemical formula:
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → CuSO₄
Explanation:
Copper sulfate is used in Fehling's solution and Benedict's solution to test for reducing sugars, which reduce the blue copper (II) sulfate to red copper (I) oxide. Copper sulfate is also often used in the biuret reagent for testing proteins.
Preparation of copper (II) sulfate by electrolysis of sulfuric acid, with copper electrodes. Copper (II) sulfate is produced on a large scale by mixing copper metal with hot sulfuric acid or its oxide with sulfuric acid.
The chemical reaction for the manufacture of copper (II) sulfate is
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → CuSO₄
Copper (II) sulfate can react with hydrochloric acid. In this reaction, a blue solution of copper (II) will turn green due to the formation of tetrachlorocuprate (II):
Cu²⁺ + 4 Cl⁻ → CuCl₄²⁻
Copper (II) sulfate can also react with other metals that are more reactive than copper (eg metals Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Sn, Pb, and so on.):
CuSO₄ + Zn → ZnSO4 + Cu
CuSO₄ + Fe → FeSO4 + Cu
CuSO₄ + Mg → MgSO4 + Cu
CuSO₄ + Sn → SnSO4 + Cu
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